Rural women constitute a significant portion of India's population and play a vital role in agriculture, family welfare, and rural development. Despite their contributions, they continue to face numerous socio-economic challenges such as poverty, illiteracy, gender discrimination, inadequate healthcare facilities, limited employment opportunities, and lack of access to financial resources. The present study examines the major problems encountered by rural women in India using secondary data sources. The study highlights the existing inequalities and the need for effective policy interventions to improve their living conditions and promote their empowerment. The findings reveal that educational backwardness, poor health facilities, economic dependency, social restrictions, and inadequate political participation remain the primary concerns. The paper suggests various measures including educational development, skill training, financial inclusion, healthcare improvements, and stronger implementation of women empowerment programmes. The study concludes that the sustainable development of rural India largely depends on the social and economic empowerment of rural women.